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- [S54] Ancestry Family Trees, (Name: Online publication - Provo, UT : Ancestry.com. Original data: Family Tree files submitted by Ancestry members.;), Database online.
- [S6040] FindAGrave Old World, Ermengarde of Hesbaye 778–818.
Ermengarde of Hesbaye, born about 778 and died October 3, 818. She was Queen of the Franks and Holy Roman Empress as the wife of Emperor Louis I. She was the daughter of Ingram, count of Hesbaye, and Hedwig of Bavaria.
In 794/5 Ermengarde married Louis the Pious, king of Aquitania, king of Franks, king of Italy, ruler of the Holy Roman Empire.
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/97869711/ermengarde-of_hesbaye
- [S54] Ancestry Family Trees, (Name: Online publication - Provo, UT : Ancestry.com. Original data: Family Tree files submitted by Ancestry members.;), Database online.
Record for Ermengarde DeHesbaye
- [S929] Wikipedia: Louis the Pious, Louis Carolingian I.
Louis the Pious (778 – 20 June 840), also called the Fair, and the Debonaire,[1] was the King of the Franks and co-Emperor (as Louis I) with his father, Charlemagne, from 813. He was also King of Aquitaine from 781.
As the only surviving adult son of Charlemagne and Hildegard, he became the sole ruler of the Franks after his father's death in 814, a position which he held until his death, save for the period 833–34, during which he was deposed.
During his reign in Aquitaine, Louis was charged with the defence of the empire's southwestern frontier. He conquered Barcelona from the Muslims in 801 and asserted Frankish authority over Pamplona and the Basques south of the Pyrenees in 812. As emperor he included his adult sons, Lothair, Pepin, and Louis, in the government and sought to establish a suitable division of the realm among them. The first decade of his reign was characterised by several tragedies and embarrassments, notably the brutal treatment of his nephew Bernard of Italy, for which Louis atoned in a public act of self-debasement.
In the 830s his empire was torn by civil war between his sons, only exacerbated by Louis's attempts to include his son Charles by his second wife in the succession plans. Though his reign ended on a high note, with order largely restored to his empire, it was followed by three years of civil war. Louis is generally compared unfavourably to his father, though the problems he faced were of a distinctly different sort.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_the_Pious
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778 - 818 (40 years)
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